5.8.5.11. scipy.stats.randint¶

scipy.stats.randint = <scipy.stats._discrete_distns.randint_gen object>¶

A uniform discrete random variable.

As an instance of the rv_discrete class, randint object inherits from it a collection of generic methods (see below for the full list), and completes them with details specific for this particular distribution.

Notes

The probability mass function for randint is:

randint.pmf(k) = 1./(high - low)

for k = low, ..., high - 1.

randint takes low and high as shape parameters.

Note the difference to the numpy random_integers which returns integers on a closed interval [low, high].

The probability mass function above is defined in the “standardized” form. To shift distribution use the loc parameter. Specifically, randint.pmf(k, low, high, loc) is identically equivalent to randint.pmf(k - loc, low, high).

Examples

>>> from scipy.stats import randint
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)

Calculate a few first moments:

>>> low, high = 7, 31
>>> mean, var, skew, kurt = randint.stats(low, high, moments='mvsk')

Display the probability mass function (pmf):

>>> x = np.arange(randint.ppf(0.01, low, high),
...               randint.ppf(0.99, low, high))
>>> ax.plot(x, randint.pmf(x, low, high), 'bo', ms=8, label='randint pmf')
>>> ax.vlines(x, 0, randint.pmf(x, low, high), colors='b', lw=5, alpha=0.5)

Alternatively, the distribution object can be called (as a function) to fix the shape and location. This returns a “frozen” RV object holding the given parameters fixed.

Freeze the distribution and display the frozen pmf:

>>> rv = randint(low, high)
>>> ax.vlines(x, 0, rv.pmf(x), colors='k', linestyles='-', lw=1,
...         label='frozen pmf')
>>> ax.legend(loc='best', frameon=False)
>>> plt.show()

Check accuracy of cdf and ppf:

>>> prob = randint.cdf(x, low, high)
>>> np.allclose(x, randint.ppf(prob, low, high))
True

Generate random numbers:

>>> r = randint.rvs(low, high, size=1000)

Methods

`rvs(low, high, loc=0, size=1, random_state=None)`	Random variates.
`pmf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Probability mass function.
`logpmf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Log of the probability mass function.
`cdf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Cumulative density function.
`logcdf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Log of the cumulative density function.
`sf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Survival function (also defined as `1 - cdf`, but sf is sometimes more accurate).
`logsf(x, low, high, loc=0)`	Log of the survival function.
`ppf(q, low, high, loc=0)`	Percent point function (inverse of `cdf` — percentiles).
`isf(q, low, high, loc=0)`	Inverse survival function (inverse of `sf`).
`stats(low, high, loc=0, moments='mv')`	Mean(‘m’), variance(‘v’), skew(‘s’), and/or kurtosis(‘k’).
`entropy(low, high, loc=0)`	(Differential) entropy of the RV.
`expect(func, args=(low, high), loc=0, lb=None, ub=None, conditional=False)`	Expected value of a function (of one argument) with respect to the distribution.
`median(low, high, loc=0)`	Median of the distribution.
`mean(low, high, loc=0)`	Mean of the distribution.
`var(low, high, loc=0)`	Variance of the distribution.
`std(low, high, loc=0)`	Standard deviation of the distribution.
`interval(alpha, low, high, loc=0)`	Endpoints of the range that contains alpha percent of the distribution