Source code for nltk.tokenize.sexpr

# Natural Language Toolkit: Tokenizers
#
# Copyright (C) 2001-2015 NLTK Project
# Author: Yoav Goldberg <yoavg@cs.bgu.ac.il>
#         Steven Bird <stevenbird1@gmail.com> (minor edits)
# URL: <http://nltk.sourceforge.net>
# For license information, see LICENSE.TXT

"""
S-Expression Tokenizer

``SExprTokenizer`` is used to find parenthesized expressions in a
string.  In particular, it divides a string into a sequence of
substrings that are either parenthesized expressions (including any
nested parenthesized expressions), or other whitespace-separated
tokens.

    >>> from nltk.tokenize import SExprTokenizer
    >>> SExprTokenizer().tokenize('(a b (c d)) e f (g)')
    ['(a b (c d))', 'e', 'f', '(g)']

By default, `SExprTokenizer` will raise a ``ValueError`` exception if
used to tokenize an expression with non-matching parentheses:

    >>> SExprTokenizer().tokenize('c) d) e (f (g')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      ...
    ValueError: Un-matched close paren at char 1

The ``strict`` argument can be set to False to allow for
non-matching parentheses.  Any unmatched close parentheses will be
listed as their own s-expression; and the last partial sexpr with
unmatched open parentheses will be listed as its own sexpr:

    >>> SExprTokenizer(strict=False).tokenize('c) d) e (f (g')
    ['c', ')', 'd', ')', 'e', '(f (g']

The characters used for open and close parentheses may be customized
using the ``parens`` argument to the `SExprTokenizer` constructor:

    >>> SExprTokenizer(parens='{}').tokenize('{a b {c d}} e f {g}')
    ['{a b {c d}}', 'e', 'f', '{g}']

The s-expression tokenizer is also available as a function:

    >>> from nltk.tokenize import sexpr_tokenize
    >>> sexpr_tokenize('(a b (c d)) e f (g)')
    ['(a b (c d))', 'e', 'f', '(g)']

"""

import re

from nltk.tokenize.api import TokenizerI

[docs]class SExprTokenizer(TokenizerI): """ A tokenizer that divides strings into s-expressions. An s-expresion can be either: - a parenthesized expression, including any nested parenthesized expressions, or - a sequence of non-whitespace non-parenthesis characters. For example, the string ``(a (b c)) d e (f)`` consists of four s-expressions: ``(a (b c))``, ``d``, ``e``, and ``(f)``. By default, the characters ``(`` and ``)`` are treated as open and close parentheses, but alternative strings may be specified. :param parens: A two-element sequence specifying the open and close parentheses that should be used to find sexprs. This will typically be either a two-character string, or a list of two strings. :type parens: str or list :param strict: If true, then raise an exception when tokenizing an ill-formed sexpr. """
[docs] def __init__(self, parens='()', strict=True): if len(parens) != 2: raise ValueError('parens must contain exactly two strings') self._strict = strict self._open_paren = parens[0] self._close_paren = parens[1] self._paren_regexp = re.compile('%s|%s' % (re.escape(parens[0]), re.escape(parens[1])))
[docs] def tokenize(self, text): """ Return a list of s-expressions extracted from *text*. For example: >>> SExprTokenizer().tokenize('(a b (c d)) e f (g)') ['(a b (c d))', 'e', 'f', '(g)'] All parentheses are assumed to mark s-expressions. (No special processing is done to exclude parentheses that occur inside strings, or following backslash characters.) If the given expression contains non-matching parentheses, then the behavior of the tokenizer depends on the ``strict`` parameter to the constructor. If ``strict`` is ``True``, then raise a ``ValueError``. If ``strict`` is ``False``, then any unmatched close parentheses will be listed as their own s-expression; and the last partial s-expression with unmatched open parentheses will be listed as its own s-expression: >>> SExprTokenizer(strict=False).tokenize('c) d) e (f (g') ['c', ')', 'd', ')', 'e', '(f (g'] :param text: the string to be tokenized :type text: str or iter(str) :rtype: iter(str) """ result = [] pos = 0 depth = 0 for m in self._paren_regexp.finditer(text): paren = m.group() if depth == 0: result += text[pos:m.start()].split() pos = m.start() if paren == self._open_paren: depth += 1 if paren == self._close_paren: if self._strict and depth == 0: raise ValueError('Un-matched close paren at char %d' % m.start()) depth = max(0, depth-1) if depth == 0: result.append(text[pos:m.end()]) pos = m.end() if self._strict and depth > 0: raise ValueError('Un-matched open paren at char %d' % pos) if pos < len(text): result.append(text[pos:]) return result
sexpr_tokenize = SExprTokenizer().tokenize